November 2, 2014

Health and Nutrition News: October

Every month, I like to make a collection of news stories that revolve around the field of Food Science, Human Nutrition, Vegetarianism, and other Health News. These are studies or reports that are not only super interesting, but also really work to open my mind and remind me that these fields are constantly evolving and finding new information. Click on the links for more info! 
  
There is yet more news on how eating healthy can benefit people! The study released by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) found that in those who were undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer, patients assigned to a program of exercise, nutritional counseling with protein supplementation and relaxation exercises before the actual operation recovered much more quickly afterwards. This type of surgery is known to have a huge reduction in mobility, but the results were amazing: prehabilitation patients walked an average of 23.2 meters farther than they did prior to the surgery, while rehabilitation-only patients actually saw a mobility reduction, walking an average of 21.8 meters less.

A hormone has become the center of focus for those who develop weight-loss drugs. Said hormone works by directly targeting the brain and triggering activity in the nervous system, obesity researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have found. A hormone encourages the activity of brown adipose tissue (the kind that creates energy via burning fat).

The University of East Anglia has found a link between eating citrus fruits, drinking tea, and having lower ovarian cancer risk. The study of 171,940 women (25-55 years old) took place for more than three decades, and found that those who consume flavonols (found in tea, red wine, apples and grapes) and flavanones (found in citrus fruit and juices) were less likely to develop the disease.
 
Although the amount of trans fats that Americans eat has decreased, a new release from the American Heart Association asserts that we are still eating too many. Americans are eating less trans and saturated fats compared to thirty years ago, but we are still eating these bad fats more than what's recommended for good cardiovascular health. Remember to watch those trans fats, folks! (It is important to note, however, that the study was largely conducted in the Minneapolis-St. Paul area, and therefore may not represent the entire population). 
 
Sunshine could relieve some asthma symptoms! According to the American Friends of Tel Aviv University, "The Vitamin D levels of 307,900 people were measured between 2008 and 2012. Researchers also took into account key predictors of asthma, such as obesity, smoking, and other chronic diseases. Of some 21,000 asthma patients in Israel studied, those with a Vitamin D deficiency were 25 percent more likely than other asthmatics to have had at least one flare-up in the recent past" (Science Daily quote). Vitamin D can be naturally synthesized by getting some rays, or obtained through a vitamin form (although Vitamin D can cause toxicity, so make sure to not take too much!)  
 
Eating breakfast, particularly those high in protein, has been shown to increase the chemical that is associated with feelings of reward in young adults' brains, according to the University of Missouri-Columbia. This is a huge step in fighting against food cravings and overeating later in the day, particularly for such a vulnerable group (young adults' rates of obesity have quadrupled in the past three decades). 
 
These are articles that I find fascinating. If you want to keep up on more news, I suggest going to ScienceDaily, BBC News Health, and EatRight.org. The next news update will at the end of November. 

October 26, 2014

Tofu Noodle Soup with Ginger and Scallions


I've caught the cold that's going around!

I'm such a Type A personality that having a cold drives me insane. I rarely get sick, and when I do it tends to be the every-waking-hour-is-miserable-so-I'll-sleep-for-twenty-of-them kind of sick. That lack of productivity drives me crazy, because I always like to be working on things. Instead, I sleep. All. The. Time. Which leads to some weird dreams, for sure, but also means that I can't study for the two tests I have next week or write that five page essay for SOC333 Gender in Society...

Eeep!

What I can do, though, is throw some broth noodles, tofu, and ginger into a pot and make some soup. I really thrive on simple recipes when I'm sick because a) as stated, I'm a hot mess and b)eating yogurt and oatmeal for every meal gets real boring, real fast. Strong flavors tend to be best when you have something like a cold, so I usually have a lot of ginger or peppermint (or, let's be honest, Nutella, because that stuff is so sweet and hits every single one of my cravings when I am sick).  This soup has ginger and a mild vegetable broth base, and it feels so good on your throat if you're sick. To make sure that nutritional needs are still met, I used no-sodium vegetable broth and added in some tofu to get a decent amount of protein and a touch of iron.

Plus, it has noddles. Who doesn't love noodles?


Tofu Noodle Soup with Ginger and Scallions
Serves 2             Serving Size: about 2c. soup or so
 
Ingredients:
  • 4c. vegetable broth, no salt added
  • 3oz whole grain linguini
  • 1 inch fresh ginger, peeled and cut into 4 pieces
  • 3/4c. extra firm cubed tofu (about 5oz pressed tofu)
  • 2/3c. sliced scallions (green onions)
  • 1/8tsp pepper
  • 1/8tsp garlic powder
Instructions:
  1. Bring the broth to a boil in a medium pot. 
  2. Add in the linguini, ginger, and tofu, and cook for as long as pasta takes (mine took 8 minutes). When the pasta is about two minutes from being done, add in the scallions, pepper, and garlic powder.
  3. Remove from heat and allow to sit for 5 minutes (can also sit overnight-- delish!). Remove ginger pieces, and ladle soup into two bowls. Enjoy! 
Nutrition Information:
Sodium: 72mg
Total Fat: 6g
     Saturated: 1g
     Trans: 0g
Sugar: 4g
Protein: 15g
Calories: 270

October 22, 2014

Pumpkin Ice Cream with Spiced Apples

And so it begins.

Yes, yes, I know everyone on every single blog that has to do with anything is posting pumpkin things. Can you blame us? Fall is pretty much the best season: you have crunchy leaves, orange colors, leggings, knit sweaters, boots, and an excuse to have coffee every single morning because "Oh, it's getting crisp outside, I need to warm up" (although in summer I drank iced coffee every morning because "Oh, it's so hot out, I need to cool down." So there's that.)

Basically, fall is amazing and therefore the things associated with fall should be celebrated.

Like pumpkins. Or apples. Or pumpkins and apples. Or pumpkins and apples and healthy ice cream that's lower in fat and sugar than normal ice cream, but still tastes awesome. Yeah, I said it. You can make ice cream without the cream and not have it be a complete and total disaster. You can make ice cream with 2% milk and it will still be creamy, smooth, and fluffy.

How?

Pudding mix.

This is actually an idea I got after I heard (and I'm not sure if this is myth or fact) that ColdStone creamery (which is like Marble Slab ice cream, but in the West) uses pudding mix in their ice cream to stop it from ever truly melting. The pudding makes the consistency creamy and ensures that the ice cream will never melt to a full liquid form; instead, it just becomes pudding-like in texture. I figured that adding pudding mix would make the 2% milk base work out, and it does.

This ice cream, if put into an equation, is pretty much pumpkin+maple+vanilla=deliciousness. Then multiply that deliciousness with some spiced apples and you get deliciousness squared, which obviously is better than just normal deliciousness.

So much deliciousness.  


Pumpkin Ice Cream with Spiced Apples
Serves 4       Serving Size: approximately 3/4c. ice cream and 1/4 of apple topping

Ingredients:
For the ice cream:
  • 3c. 2% milk
  • 3/4c. pumpkin
  • 1/4c. light maple syrup
  • 1 tsp cinnamon
  • 1/4tsp pumpkin pie spice (can substitute with 1/4t nutmeg)
  • 1/2c. sugar OR splenda (I actually like the splenda version more)
  • 1 egg yolk
  • 1 pkg sugar free vanilla powdered pudding mix (such as Jello brand)
For the apples:
  • 2 medium sweet apples (such as gala or honeycrisp), cut into small, bite-sized cubes
  • 1/2 tsp cinnamon
  • 1/4tsp curry powder (optional, but really does add depth)
Instructions:
  1. Combine all "ice cream" ingredients except pudding in a large bowl and beat until very well combined. Place in the fridge for at least 4 hours, or until deeply chilled.
  2. Remove from fridge, mix in the pudding for 1 minute. Place in ice cream maker according to manufacturer's instructions. 
  3. While ice cream is freezing, preheat a small pan over low heat. Add in apples, and cook, stirring occasionally, for about 5 minutes (until apples are warmed through and slightly soft). Sprinkle curry powder over the top of the apples.
  4. To serve, place approximately 3/4c. ice cream into a bowl; top with 1/4 of the apple mixture. Top with whipped cream, if desired. Devour!
Ice cream is best served the day of, but usually will last a few weeks in an airtight container, frozen. I doubt this recipe will have any leftovers, though!

Nutrition Info (with Sugar)
Sodium: 568g
Total Fat: 5g
      Saturated: 2g
      Trans: 0g
Sugar: 36g
Protein: 7g
Calories: 251
Bonus! Vitamin A: 63% Daily Value

Nutrition Info (with Splenda) 
Sodium: 568g
Total Fat: 5g
      Saturated: 2g
      Trans: 0g
Sugar: 24g
Protein: 7g
Calories: 203

October 14, 2014

Spicy, Smoky Sweet Potato and Black Bean Chili


We are doing the coolest project right now in my Food Principles and Applications Lab.

First off, I have to note that it's an awesome class. We literally cook different variations of recipes and then get to eat them, plus we use a rating scale to determine relative sensory appeal (texture, flavor, aroma, etc). There have been some disasters (like when we had to add salt to egg whites and attempt to whip them, or when we needed to replace half of a meatloaf with Textured Soy Protein, which is a filler that is commonly used in fast food industries and makes the meat even less appealing, which I didn't think was possible), but overall it's been fantastic! Angel food cake, tofu chocolate pie... Yum!

What I'm really loving is 1) understanding the science behind cooking and baking and 2) a focus on healthy substitutions and habits. The project currently in the works involves taking some type of dietary concern (Celiac Disease, Anemia, Hypertension, etc) and modifying a recipe so that it is appropriate for someone who has that health issue. I'm focusing on the prevention of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, it is the number one cause of death for men and women and is the most common form of heart disease. I had no idea until I did the project. I'm redoing a recipe for cheesy zucchini casserole to cut down the saturated fat, and I'll probably end up putting it on this blog because so far my modifications are working very well! 

Until then, though, I thought I would honor trying to lower saturated fat in meals by making a spicy sweet potato and black bean chili, which is not only low in saturated fat but is also packed with flavor. The black beans, cumin, garlic, tomatoes, kick from the cayenne, and of course the sweet potatoes-- you really can't go wrong with this. I recommend making it the day before so that the flavors have even more time to tango before they have a party on your taste buds. With fall and winter coming (or, in the case of CO, visiting occasionally and then letting summer come back, and then sending summer away to boarding school for a week before missing summer and making it come back), it's always good to have a filling, vegetarian chili on hand in case you need something to warm up.

Enjoy your week, everyone!


Spicy, Smoky Sweet Potato and Black Bean Chili
Adapted from Eating Well 
Serves 6         Serving Size: about 1.5 cups


Ingredients:
  • 1T extra-virgin olive oil
  • 12 ounces sweet potato (medium-large), peeled and diced
  • 1 large sweet onion, diced
  • 4 cloves garlic, minced
  • 1T chili powder
  • 2t ground cumin
  • 1/2t ground cayenne pepper (or red pepper)
  • 1/4t kosher salt
  • 1/2t paprika
  • 2.5c water
  • 2 15-ounce cans black beans, rinsed
  • 1 14-ounce can diced tomatoes
  • 1/4c. tomato puree
  • 4t lime juice
Instructions:
  1. Heat a large saucepan (or dutch oven) over medium heat. Pour in oil. Add in potato and onion, and cook (stirring often) for about 5 minutes, or until onion starts to soften. Add the garlic, chili powder, cumin, cayenne, salt, and paprika to the pan and cook for 1 minute, stirring constantly.
  2. Pour in the water. Increase the heat to high and bring to a simmer; cook for 7-11 minutes, covered, until the sweet potato is tender but not mushy.
  3. Add in the black beans, tomatoes, and tomato puree. Bring back to a simmer and then add the lime juice. Cook uncovered for 5 minutes, stirring occasionally. Voila! 
Nutrition Information:
Sodium: 168mg
Total Fat: 3g
       Saturated: 1g
       Trans: 0g
Sugar: 7g
Protein: 15g
Calories: 292